The University of Hong Kong (HKUDS), 2025
AI-Trader
Fully automated live trading by LLM agents in US stocks, China A-shares and crypto. Agents start with minimal context and must search for and verify market information themselves.
About this benchmark
- Size
- 3 markets (Nasdaq-100 hourly, SSE-50 daily, 10 crypto pairs daily), 6 LLMs in the paper
- Public split
- Code and evaluation data on GitHub; live platform at ai4trade.ai
- Grading
- Cumulative return, Sortino ratio, max drawdown vs market index baseline
- Licence
- MIT (code, per README badge)
- Submission
- open
- Products allowed
- Yes
- Latest version
- arXiv v1 (2025-12-01); repo updated 2026-06-11
- What it does not cover
- Long horizons (paper windows are 2-5 weeks); the repo now presents itself as a trading platform more than a fixed benchmark
Results
6 modelsEach score shows who reported it: the benchmark's authors (quoted from their paper), the benchmark's official board, or Moneda (run with the benchmark's own grader and rules). We do not copy other aggregators.
AI-Trader arXiv v1 (2025-12-01); repo updated 2026-06-11
cumulative return %, higher is better. 6 models.
Updated 1 Dec 2025
- MiniMax-M29.6
- DeepSeek V3.18.4
- Claude-3.7-Sonnet3.1
- gpt-51.6
- Qwen3-Max0.390
- Gemini 2.5 Flash-0.060
AI-Trader arXiv v1 (2025-12-01); repo updated 2026-06-11
cumulative return %, higher is better. 6 models.
Updated 1 Dec 2025
- 1MiniMax-M29.6
- 2DeepSeek V3.18.4
- 3Claude-3.7-Sonnet3.1
- 4gpt-51.6
- 5Qwen3-Max0.390
- 6Gemini 2.5 Flash-0.060
| 1 | MiniMax-M2 | MiniMax | 9.6 | US market (Nasdaq-100, hourly), 2025-10-01 to 2025-11-07; QQQ baseline 1.87 | Paper Table 1 Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | DeepSeek V3.1 | DeepSeek | 8.4 | US market, hourly | Paper Table 1 Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025 |
| 3 | Claude-3.7-Sonnet | Anthropic | 3.1 | US market, hourly | Paper Table 1 Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025 |
| 4 | gpt-5 | OpenAI | 1.6 | US market, hourly | Paper Table 1 Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025 |
| 5 | Qwen3-Max | Qwen | 0.390 | US market, hourly | Paper Table 1 Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025 |
| 6 | Gemini 2.5 Flash | -0.060 | US market, hourly | Paper Table 1 Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025 |
Papers and links
Last checked 1 Nov 2026. Something out of date or wrong? Send a correction.
