The University of Hong Kong (HKUDS), 2025

AI-Trader

Fully automated live trading by LLM agents in US stocks, China A-shares and crypto. Agents start with minimal context and must search for and verify market information themselves.

Best reported

9.6

MiniMax-M2MiniMax

cumulative return %

Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025

About this benchmark

Size
3 markets (Nasdaq-100 hourly, SSE-50 daily, 10 crypto pairs daily), 6 LLMs in the paper
Public split
Code and evaluation data on GitHub; live platform at ai4trade.ai
Grading
Cumulative return, Sortino ratio, max drawdown vs market index baseline
Licence
MIT (code, per README badge)
Submission
open
Products allowed
Yes
Latest version
arXiv v1 (2025-12-01); repo updated 2026-06-11
What it does not cover
Long horizons (paper windows are 2-5 weeks); the repo now presents itself as a trading platform more than a fixed benchmark

Results

6 models
Leaderboard

Each score shows who reported it: the benchmark's authors (quoted from their paper), the benchmark's official board, or Moneda (run with the benchmark's own grader and rules). We do not copy other aggregators.

AI-Trader arXiv v1 (2025-12-01); repo updated 2026-06-11

cumulative return %, higher is better. 6 models.

Updated 1 Dec 2025

  1. MiniMax-M29.6
  2. DeepSeek V3.18.4
  3. Claude-3.7-Sonnet3.1
  4. gpt-51.6
  5. Qwen3-Max0.390
  6. Gemini 2.5 Flash-0.060

AI-Trader arXiv v1 (2025-12-01); repo updated 2026-06-11

cumulative return %, higher is better. 6 models.

Updated 1 Dec 2025

  1. 1MiniMax-M29.6
  2. 2DeepSeek V3.18.4
  3. 3Claude-3.7-Sonnet3.1
  4. 4gpt-51.6
  5. 5Qwen3-Max0.390
  6. 6Gemini 2.5 Flash-0.060
AI-Trader leaderboard (cumulative return %, higher is better)
1MiniMax-M2MiniMax9.6US market (Nasdaq-100, hourly), 2025-10-01 to 2025-11-07; QQQ baseline 1.87Paper Table 1
Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025
2DeepSeek V3.1DeepSeek8.4US market, hourlyPaper Table 1
Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025
3Claude-3.7-SonnetAnthropic3.1US market, hourlyPaper Table 1
Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025
4gpt-5OpenAI1.6US market, hourlyPaper Table 1
Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025
5Qwen3-MaxQwen0.390US market, hourlyPaper Table 1
Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025
6Gemini 2.5 FlashGoogle-0.060US market, hourlyPaper Table 1
Reported by the authors, 1 Dec 2025

Last checked 1 Nov 2026. Something out of date or wrong? Send a correction.